Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS)

The Enterprise Investment Scheme offers two-way benefits to applicable small businesses and investors. Those who do invest in these companies can reduce their tax liability by up to £300,000.

What is the Enterprise Investment Scheme?

The Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) is a UK Government investment programme designed to help small companies that are considered risky to attract investors. Investors that buy shares in these risky - but often innovative - companies will receive tax relief, making an investment more lucrative. 

Investors can reduce their tax liability by up to £300,000 for investing under the EIS scheme. Moreover, if the investor decides to sell the shares in the future, any profits made on these shares will not be subject to Capital Gains Tax (CGT). The shares must be owned for at least three years and can be purchased through the EIS fund or via the business directly. 

Both the small business and investors must abide by regulations to ensure the overarching goal of small business investment is maintained, and so that the system is not abused for tax relief. 

What companies can use the EIS?

Small businesses that want to use the EIS must:

1. Have a maximum of £15 million in gross assets
2. Have a maximum of 250 employees 
3. Have at least seven years since the business’s first commercial sale
4. Not already be trading shares on a recognised stock exchange

These are the general conditions for a company to use EIS. There may be higher limits for other businesses carrying out research and innovative activities. 

What can the money be used for?

The money raised by the business through selling shares must be used within two years in most instances, and it must be used on a “qualifying trade”. The money can be spent on preparing, researching or developing something that would lead to the qualifying trade activity. 

The rules on what does and doesn’t qualify can be complex. 

How to apply for EIS

A business can apply to use the EIS by providing an extensive list of documents to prove your business qualifies for the scheme. These documents will need to be sent to HMRC’s Venture Capital Relief Team. If the application is successful, HMRC will respond with a compliance certificate that can be shared with investors so they can claim tax relief. 

The process is worthwhile for many businesses and their investors, but it can also be complex.